Project Publications

  • Mills, E. 2016. "Job Creation and Energy Savings Through a Transition to Modern Off-grid Lighting." Energy for Sustainable Development 33:155-166. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2015. "Can Technology Free Developing Countries from Light Poverty?" The Guardian, July 30. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2014. "Light for Life: Identifying and Reducing the Health and Safety Impacts of Fuel-based Lighting." Prepared for United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) en.lighten initiative, Paris, 26pp. [PDF]
  • Mills. 2014. “Lifting the Darkness on the Price of Light: An Assessment of Energy Subsidies on the Off-grid Lighting Market in ECOWAS countries.” Prepared for United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) en.lighten initiative, Paris, 28pp. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2014. “Light & Livelihood: A Bright Outlook for Employment in the Transition from Fuel-based Lighting to Off-grid Electric Alternatives.” Prepared for United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) en.lighten initiative, Paris, 30pp. [PDF]
  • Mills, E., J. Tracy, P. Alstone, A. Jacobson, and P. Avato. 2014. "Low-cost LED Flashlights and Market Spoiling in Kenya's Off-grid Lighting Market." Energy Efficiency 8:323-337 [PDF]
  • Mills, E., T. Gengnagal, and P. Wollburg. 2014. "Solar-LED Alternatives to Fuel-based Lighting for Night Fishing." Energy for Sustainable Development 21:30-41. [PDF]
  • Alstone, P., K. Radecsky, A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2014. "Field Study Methods and Results from a Market Trial of Night Market Vendors in Rural Kenya." Light and Engineering 22(2):23-37. [download]
  • Craine, S., E. Mills, and J. Guay. 2014. "Clean Energy Services for All: Financing Universal Electrification." Sierra Club: Washington, D.C., 8pp. [PDF] [blog]
  • Alstone, P., P. Lai, E. Mills, and A. Jacobson. 2014. "High Life Cycle Efficacy Explains Fast Energy Payback for Improved Off-Grid Lighing in the Developing World." Journal of Industrial Ecology. 18(5):722-733. [PDF] [Supporting Material] [Online summary]
  • Alstone, P., K. Radecsky, A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2013. "The Dynamics of Off-grid Lighting Adoption." Lumina Project Technical Report #12, 25pp. [PDF]
  • Gengnegal, T., P. Wolburg, and E. Mills. 2013. "Alternatives to Fuel-Based Lighting for Night Fishing." Lumina Project Technical Report #11 [Online summary]
  • Mills, E. 2012. "Health Impacts of Fuel-based Lighting." Lumina Project Technical Report #10 [Online summary & downloads]
  • Tracy, J. and E. Mills. 2012. "LED Lighting Beneficial for the Developing World." World Poultry. pp. 32-33, January [Online version & downloads] [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2011. "CDM Rewards High-quality Off-grid Lighting Products" Lighting Africa Newsletter, February 28. [PDF]
  • Tracy, J. and E. Mills. 2011. "Illuminating The Pecking Order in Off-Grid Lighting: A Demonstration of LED Lighting for Saving Energy in the Poultry Sector," Light and Enginnering, Vol 19, No. 4, pp 67-76 [PDF]. Also as Lumina Project Technical Report #8, 2010 [Online summary & downloads]
  • Mills, E. and A. Jacobson. 2011. From Carbon to Light: A new Framework for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions from Replacing Fuel-Based Lighting with LED Systems. Energy Efficiency, 4:523-546. [PDF]
  • Apple, J., R. Vicente, A. Yarberry, N. Lohse, E. Mills, A. Jacobson, and D. Poppendieck. 2010. "Characterization of particulate matter size distributions and indoor concentrations from kerosene and diesel lamps." Indoor Air 20 (5) 399-411. Lumina Project Technical Report #7 [Online summary & downloads]
  • Alstone, P. A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2010. "Illumination Sufficiency Survey Techniques: In-situ Measurements of Lighting System Performance and a User Preference Survey for Illuminance in an Off-Grid, African Setting ." Lumina Project Research Note #7 [Online summary & downloads]
  • Tracy, J., P. Alstone, A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2010. "Market Trial: Selling Off-Grid Lighting Products in Rural Kenya." Lumina Project Technical Report #6 [Online summary & downloads]
  • Mills, E. 2010. "From Carbon to Light." Lumina Project Technical Report #5 [PDF]
  • Tracy, J., A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2010. "Assessing the Performance of LED-Based Flashlights Available in the Kenyan Off-Grid Lighting Market." Lumina Project Research Note #6 [PDF]
  • Tracy, J., A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2010."Use Patterns of LED Flashlights in Kenya and a One-Year Cost Analysis of Flashlight Ownership." Lumina Project Research Note #5. [PDF]
  • Tracy, J., A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2009. "Quality and Performance of LED Flashlights in Kenya: Common End User Preferences and Complaints." Lumina Project Research Note #4. [PDF]
  • Johnstone, P., A. Jacobson, E. Mills, and K. Radecsky. 2009. "Observed Minimum Illuminance Threshold for Night Market Vendors in Kenya who use LED Lamps." Lumina Project Research Note #3. [PDF]
  • Johnstone, P., A. Jacobson, E.. Mills, and M. Mumbi. 2009. "Self-reported Impacts of LED Lighting Technology Compared to Fuel-based Lighting on Night Market Business Prosperity in Kenya." Lumina Project Research Note #2. [PDF]
  • Granderson, J., J Galvin, D. Bolotov, R. Clear, A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2008. "Measured Off-Grid LED Lighting System Performance." Lumina Project Technical Report #4. [PDF]
  • Radecsky, K., P. Johnstone, A. Jacobson, and E. Mills. 2008. "Solid-State Lighting on a Shoestring Budget: The Economics of Off-Grid Lighting for Small Businesses in Kenya." Lumina Project Technical Report #3. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. and A. Jacobson. 2007. "The Off-Grid Lighting Market in Western Kenya: LED Alternatives and Consumer Preferences in a Millennium Development Village." Lumina Project Technical Report #2. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. and A. Jacobson. 2007. "The Need for Independent Quality and Performance Testing for Emerging Off-grid White-LED Illumination Systems for Developing Countries." Lumina Project Technical Report #1.
    • Also published in Light & Engineering, 16(2):5-24 [PDF]
    • And in abridged form in Russian, Svetotekhnika, 2:4-11.
  • Mills, E. 2007. "Assessing the Performance of 5mm White LED Light Sources for Developing-Country Applications." Lumina Project Research Note #1. [PDF]
  • Apte, J., A. Gopal, J. Mathieu, and S. Parthasarathy. 2007. "Improved Lighting for Indian Fishing Communities." [PDF]
  • Apte, J. M. Fuller, A. Gopal, and K. Lindgren. 2007. "Developing the Means for the Use of Modern Lighting: How can WLED Technology Bring High Quality, Affordable Light to India's Poor?" [PDF]
  • Jones, R. D. Jianping, Z. Gentry, I. Gur, and E. Mills. 2005. "Alternatives to Fuel-based Lighting in China." Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Energy-Efficient Lighting, Shanghai. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2005. "Reducing Developing World's Polluting Fuel-Based Lighting." EETD Newsletter [Online version]
  • Mills, E. 2005. "The Specter of Fuel-Based Lighting," Science 308:1263-1264, 27 May. LBNL-57550. [Online version]
  • Mills, E. 2003. "Technical and Economic Performance Analysis of Kerosene Lamps and Alternative Approaches to Illumination in Developing Countries." Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. [PDF]
  • Stanford University. 2003. Social Entrepreneurship Startup: China Report. [PDF]
  • Stanford University. 2003. Social Entrepreneurship Startup: India Report. [PDF]
  • Stanford University. 2003. Social Entrepreneurship Startup: Mexico Report. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2003. "The Role of High-Efficiency Lighting Systems in Meeting Humanitarian Needs in Camps for Refugees and Internally Displaced People." [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2002. "Global Lighting Energy Savings Potential." Light and Engineering, 10(4):5-10. [PDF] (invited)
  • Mills, E. 2002. "The $230-billion Global Lighting Energy Bill." Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Energy-Efficient Lighting. [PDF]
  • Mills, E. 2000. "Fuel for Lighting: An Expensive Commodity." Boiling Point. No. 45. Autumn. pp. 12-13. Intermediate Technology Development Group, Schumacher Centre for Technology & Development, United Kingdom.
  • Mills, E. 2000. "Fuel-Based Lighting in the Workplace." Newsletter of the International Association for Energy-Efficient Lighting (1-2/00), pp. 1. [Online version]
  • Mills, E. 1999. "Meeting CFLs in Budapest's New York Cafe." Newsletter of the International Association for Energy-Efficient Lighting (2/98), pp. 10. [Online version]
  • Mills, E. 1999. "Fuel-based Light: Large CO2 Source." Newsletter of the International Association for Energy-Efficient Lighting (2/98), pp. 1-9. [Online version]
  • Mills, E. 1996. "Light & Lighting: A Photo Essay from India." Newsletter of the International Association for Energy-Efficient Lighting (2/96), p. 1. [Online version]

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